Histone deacetylase inhibitor(HDACI)can regulate gene expression through modulate the degree of acetylation of histone and non-histone.They play an important role in resisting hematological malignancies.It was showed in vivo and vitro that they have a range of antitumor activities including induction of cell cycle arrest,stimulation of differentiation,and provocation of apoptosis.The combined chemotherapy of HDACI and other drugs display attractive prospect in the treatment of hematological malignancies.