Secondary metabolism is an unique part of plant life characteristics,which are critical for not only the growth and development of plant individuals,but also the adaptations.Secondary metabolites are also important resources for medicinal,and other chemical industries.Besides the temporal and spatial regulations by the plant,secondary metabolism pathways and the accumulation of end products are also affected,sometimes decisively,by the biotic and abiotic signals from the environment.With the development of modern genomics,proteomic,and metabolomics,unprecedented opportunities are ready for plant secondary metabolism research.With the accumulation of in-depth studies,predictive metabolic engineering,with the guidance of systems biology,will be a key issue for future research.