Recent breakthroughs and advances in high-performance lithium-ion capacitors

Abstract Lithium-ion capacitors (LICs), as a novel type of electrochemical energy storage device, combine the advantages of high specific capacity from lithium-ion batteries and the long cycle life and high power density of supercapacitors, offering broad application prospects. Currently, state-of-the-art LICs are composed of high-capacity battery-type anodes and high-rate capacitor-type cathodes. Despite significant progress in LIC research, a comprehensive description of LICs remains lacking. In response to this gap, this paper systematically summarizes various carbon-based materials used as LIC cathodes, along with traditional and emerging materials, such as metal–organic frameworks, MXenes, and covalent organic frameworks, employed as LIC anodes. Additionally, different electrolyte systems are also reviewed. This paper comprehensively reviews and summarizes the recent advancements and breakthroughs in these components, and finally provides recommendations for future development directions of individual components in LICs.