Hierarchical gold dispersed nickel oxide nanodendrites microarrays as a potential platform for the sensitive electrochemical detection of glucose and lactate in human serum and urine

Tremendous demands for the successful design of nanoarchitectured microarrays-based signal transducers with high diagnostic sensitivity and selectivity, and abrupt clinical assessment have energized the intensive biosensors and bioelectronics research. In the present work, we demonstrate self-sustain gold dispersed on nickel oxide nanodentrites microarrays (Au@NiO NDMA) on nickel (Ni) microelectrodes (NME) towards the electrochemical sensing of glucose (GLU) and lactate (LA). The growth of novel gold @ nickel oxide nanodentrites microarrays utilizes self-organizing hyperbranched constructing wedges of nickel microelectrode passivation in HNO₃ tracked by galvanic replacement of Ni atom moiety with Au atom. The process requires no surfactant, polymer, or catalytic process relying only on this simple procedure. The result is an Au-NiO microelectrode with properties suitable for use in biosensing platforms. The as-developed gold @ nickel oxide nanodentrites microarrays employ as the potential microsensor for the detection of glucose and lactate in real samples (human serum and urine samples). The present sensor exhibits a broad linear detection range from 10.0 μM to 5.0 mM for glucose with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.99; and from 100.0 μM to 10.0 mM for lactate with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.99, high sensitivity, long-term durability and high practicability. The current gold @ nickel oxide nanodentrites microarrays-based multi-functional architectures can deal exceptional properties and synergistic belongings, and may be utilized in numerous electrochemical biosensing applications.