生物
基因组
基因
基因复制
基因家族
生物合成
串联外显子复制
功能分歧
基因簇
苯丙氨酸解氨酶
遗传学
植物
苯丙氨酸
氨基酸
作者
Yi Chen,Ting Fang,He Su,Sifei Duan,Ruixin Ma,Ping Wang,Lin Wu,Wenyi Sun,Qichen Hu,Meixia Zhao,Lianjun Sun,Xin Dong
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.xplc.2022.100469
摘要
Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus (AMM), a member of the Leguminosae, is one of the most important medicinal plants worldwide. The dried roots of AMM have a wide range of pharmacological effects and are a traditional Chinese medicine. Here, we report the first chromosome-level reference genome of AMM, comprising nine pseudochromosomes with a total size of 1.47 Gb and 27 868 protein-encoding genes. Comparative genomic analysis reveals that AMM has not experienced an independent whole-genome duplication (WGD) event after the WGD event shared by the Papilionoideae species. Analysis of long terminal repeat retrotransposons suggests a recent burst of these elements at approximately 0.13 million years ago, which may explain the large size of the AMM genome. Multiple gene families involved in the biosynthesis of triterpenoids and flavonoids were expanded, and our data indicate that tandem duplication has been the main driver for expansion of these families. Among the expanded families, the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene family was primarily expressed in the roots of AMM, suggesting their roles in the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoid compounds. The functional versatility of 2,3-oxidosqualene cyclase genes in cluster III may play a critical role in the diversification of triterpenoids in AMM. Our findings provide novel insights into triterpenoid and flavonoid biosynthesis and can facilitate future research on the genetics and medical applications of AMM.
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