Alkaline direct liquid fuel cells: Advances, challenges and perspectives

Alkaline direct liquid fuel cells (ADLFC) have recently received increasing attention as they reduce the use of precious metals in electrocatalysts, e.g., platinum, which drastically reduces the cost of large-scale application of direct liquid fuel cells. This review article points out the main performance, challenges, advances and perspectives in the anode, cathode, support materials and membranes applied to the ADFLC. In addition, an overview of the fuels studied in ADFLC is reviewed. Additionally, the prospect of large-scale employment of this device as the application possibilities of this technology is reported. Thus, here we have the current state of the art related to progress in performance, stability, applicability, and findings of ADLFC through new materials, operating conditions, and set-up addressed in the recent years. Therefore, this review article has great potential for next-generation progress in ADLFC.