Study on dust pollution law and chemical dust suppression technology of non hard pavement in urban construction sites

Dust pollution has been a serious problem for the construction industry. Wind currents inevitably kick up dust on the ground during construction. Dust will not only affect the physical and mental health of construction workers, but also pollute the environment. In this paper, the law of dust generation and diffusion in typical construction sites is simulated and analyzed. According to the simulation, the wind flow lasts for 5s–10s, and the dust concentration in the air reaches more than 50 mg/m3 in the daily environment. In order to control dust pollution, a kind of "green environmental protection" dust suppressor suitable for construction site was developed by using grafting polymerization technology in molecular modification technology. By means of performance characterization, the synthetic ingredients of dust suppressor were determined as 2.5g sodium alginate, 5g acrylamide, 0.15 g N,N ′-methylene bisacrylamide, and the mass ratio of ammonium persulfate to acrylamide was 3%. The optimum temperature for synthesis of dust suppressor was 60 °C. The synthesized dust suppressor can still retain more than 80% moisture after 90min of oven drying at 45 °C, which indicates that the water retention is good. Under the ambient wind speed of 12 m/s, the wind erosion resistance rate is above 99%, which indicates that it has fine anti-wind erosion performance. According to the results of dust suppression experiment, the synthesized dust suppression agent can control the dust in the construction site well.