In order to objectively and comprehensively evaluate the regional economic vitality and explore the reasons for this difference, we have established an economic vitality model. We proposed the factor entropy method (FEM) method to form the index parameters in the economic vitality model. We select 10 indicators from four aspects, and then integrate them into the indicator parameters by FEM and coefficiential variation method (CVM). Additionally, the definition of HL is proposed, which is divided economic vitality into three levels: strong, medium, weak. Finally, we analyzed the economic vitality of Jiangsu from the perspectives of population trends and corporate vitality, and found that the main indicators, quantity of enterprises and labor forces have a positive effect on economic vitality, and per capita savings have an inhibitory effect on economic vitality. Combining the positive and inhibitory effects of various indicators, we put forward appropriate suggestions.