A semi-solid hydrogel state electrochromic device based on an asymmetric disubstituted viologen containing a quaternary ammonium group with enhanced electrochromic stability

The all-in-one gel-state ECD based on an asymmetric disubstituted viologen, BTMAPP3+3Br−, shows advantages of low operating voltage and enhanced cycling stability and coloration efficiency, and was applied in electronic label, etc .