Eco-Friendly Preparation of Carbon-Bonded Carbon Fiber Based on Glucose-Polyacrylamide Hydrogel Derived Carbon as Binder

Lightweight, high-temperature-resistant carbon-bonded carbon fiber (CBCF) composites with excellent thermal insulation properties are desirable materials for thermal protection systems in military and aerospace applications. Here, glucose was introduced into the polyacrylamide hydrogel to form the glucose-polyacrylamide (Glu-PAM) hydrogel. The CBCF composites were prepared using the Glu-PAM hydrogel as a brand-new binder, and the synergistic effect between glucose and acrylamide was investigated. The results showed the Glu-PAM hydrogel could limit the foaming of glucose and enhance the carbon yield of glucose. Meanwhile, the dopamine-modified chopped carbon fiber could be uniformly mixed by high-speed shearing to form a slurry with the Glu-PAM hydrogel. Finally, the slurry was successfully extruded and molded to prepare CBCF composites with a density of 0.158~0.390 g cm−3 and excellent thermal insulation performance and good mechanical properties. The compressive strength of CBCF composites with a density of 0.158 g cm−3 in the Z direction is 0.18 MPa, and the thermal conductivity in the Z direction at 25 °C and 1200 °C is 0.10 W m−1 k−1 and 0.20 W m−1 k−1, respectively. This study provided an efficient, environment-friendly, and cost-effective strategy for the preparation of CBCF composites.