MultiDimensional Bionic Structure-based Superhydrophobic and Stretchable Yarn Sensor for Motion Monitoring

The trade-off between electrical conductivity and mechanical flexibility in fiber sensors impedes their widespread adoption. During sports activities, extensive exposure to body sweat leads to a decline in the electrical performance of the sensors. A multidimensional biomimetic superhydrophobic yarn sensor was prepared, utilizing polyurethane (PU) yarn as the core and dopamine-modified MXene as the sheath. This was achieved by drawing inspiration from the structure of the cerebral cortex to combine the unique plate-tile structure of Nepenthes. Its surface bionic microstructure was constructed to increase the number of conductive connection points, resulting in the plate tile structure and realizing the high sensitivity and ultrahigh hydrophobicity of the yarn sensor. The final yarn prepared exhibited low resistance (0.6 KΩ), high sensitivity (3397.6), and superhydrophobic characteristics (contact angle = 135.3°). Integrating conductive yarns with polyamide knit fabric, fabric sensors are designed to effectively detect minor muscle movements. This capability is essential for precise movement monitoring and ensuring prompt medical assistance for patients with severe injuries. This approach enhances the sensitivity of yarn-based stretch sensors by implementing a multistage bionic yarn structure. Additionally, it remains unaffected by sweat when integrated into athlete monitoring fabrics, thereby ensuring precise monitoring accuracy.