Extending domestic activities into collective spaces: an urban design strategy

Purpose The purpose of the research is to explore how extending domestic activities into collective. The article aims to explore the extension of domestic activities into collective spaces within urban housing complexes. It seeks to demonstrate how expanding domestic spheres into shared spaces can increase urban vitality and improve residents' quality of life. This extension strategy is analysed through three spatial dimensions: dilation, material differentiation, and open configuration. By examining these aspects, the study suggests that thoughtful urban design can enhance social interactions, foster a sense of ownership, and create more vibrant community spaces. Design/methodology/approach The research employs a mixed-methods approach that integrates theoretical analysis with case studies analysis to explore the spatial implications of extending domestic activities into collective spaces of housing complexes. Case studies were chosen from housing projects developed by MBM Arquitectes in Barcelona. They were analysed at urban and architectural levels, focussing on the characteristics and qualities of collective spaces, both in their forms and uses. Fieldwork involved observation and photographic documentation to collect data on the physical space and how it is used and appropriated by inhabitants. Findings The study identifies three main spatial qualities - Spatial Dilation, Material Differentiation, and Open Configuration - as essential for promoting domestic activities in collective spaces. These elements create conditions that support inhabitants’ engagement with shared spaces, fostering a sense of belonging and ownership. Through examples from the case studies, the article illustrates how surplus space, material variation, and design openness facilitate interactions and personalisation of spaces, thereby enhancing the liveability and social dynamics of housing complexes. Research limitations/implications The research is limited to a selection of housing complexes in Barcelona by MBM Arquitectes, which may restrict the applicability of findings to other urban or cultural contexts. Additionally, the study primarily uses observational data without direct input from inhabitants, which limits understanding of their perspectives. Future studies could benefit from including diverse urban environments and integrating qualitative feedback from residents. Practical implications The findings provide actionable insights for architects and urban planners on creating collective spaces that support community life. By employing strategies like spatial dilation, material differentiation, and material differentiation, spatial designers can encourage residents to extend their private activities into shared spaces, thereby enhancing social cohesion and engagement. These strategies support the creation of housing complexes that contribute to urban vitality and foster stronger community ties. Social implications The study highlights the social potential of urban design to reshape collective housing environments, making them more inclusive and interactive. By encouraging the appropriation of public spaces, the extension of domestic activities can reinforce community bonds, promote social interactions, and contribute to residents' well-being. This approach suggests that thoughtful spatial design has broader implications for urban sustainability and social integration. Originality/value This research introduces a unique perspective on urban design by proposing the extension of domestic activities into collective spaces as a deliberate strategy to foster vibrant urban communities. It integrates practical examples with theoretical insights from urban design thinkers, offering novel spatial approaches to enhance community engagement. The study contributes to a broader discourse on creating urban spaces that blend private and public life in sustainable ways.