Arylamines N-acetyltransferases 1 and 2: physiology, genetics and epigenetics

Arylamine N-Acetyltransferases NAT1 and NAT2 are enzymes mainly known for participating in phase II of the detoxification process. Both enzymes are present in various organs, such as the liver, intestine, lung, skin, and immune cells. Recent stud-ies implicate its possible role in carcinogenesis or cell metabolism; The catalytic activity, representing a substantial influence on the cellular concentration of its Acetyl Coenzyme A cofactor, can influence multiple cellular processes, depending on its cytoplasmic concentration. A review was carried out in the databases ENCODE and PubMed to identify information of interest on the epigenetics of NAT1 and NAT2 promoters and reports proposing the possible mechanisms involved in the diseases under study. The effect of NAT1 on folate metabolism has led to it being proposed as a possible epigenetic regulator.