Antibacterial, antibiofilm, and antipersister cells formation of green synthesis silver nanoparticles and graphene nanosheets against Klebsiella pneumoniae

The present work aimed to investigate the antibacterial, antibiofilm, and antipersistence effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) green synthesis, graphene nanosheets, and graphene–silver nanocomposite against Klebsiella pneumonia. Fifty isolates of K. pneumoniae were collected from different clinical specimens and identified using the Vitek-2 system (BioMe’rieux, France). The antibacterial effect of green AgNPs, graphene nanosheets, and graphene–silver nanocomposite on persistence K. pneumonia isolates were detected using agar well diffusion assay. The minimum inhibition concentrations was employed by using the 96-well broth microdilution assay. The antibiofilm activity of all nanosynthesized was determined using a microtiter plate assay. The results of the current study showed that a combination of graphene-silver nanocomposite operatively eradicate the formation of biofilms and inhibit the formation of persister cells in persistence K. pneumoniae isolates, which sights that graphene–silver nanocomposite might be a promising candidate for the elimination and handling of biofilm-related infections caused by persister cells of K. pneumonia.