Arabinoxylan-based films and coatings for fresh produce: A review of emerging trends in food packaging

Arabinoxylans (AX) are the major non-cellulosic polysaccharides found in cereals and grasses. It comprises a linear chain of β-(1,4)-xylopyranosyl units, which can be substituted at the O-3 and O-2 positions. The high molar mass of cereal AXs provides a robust foundation for developing packaging materials with excellent mechanical properties. Combined with their solubility, biocompatibility, and ability to form films, AXs emerge as a promising candidates for advanced packaging applications. The hydrogen bonding (H-bonding) between adjacent AX chains forms a dense macromolecular network, resulting in reduced mobility and, consequently, improved barrier properties against oxygen in packaging films. Furthermore, the natural variability due to their reactive -OH enables multi-faceted strategies to enhance their material properties. AX-based films have proven to be an economical and effective solution for extending the shelf life of fresh produce during transportation and storage. Considering AXs potential to reduce plastic waste significantly, this review compiles the latest research findings to elucidate the structure and composition of arabinoxylans, their significance in packaging, and their impact on the characteristics of AX-based films. Additionally, the review highlights the application of AX-based films, showcasing their beneficial role in advancing packaging technology.