The preparation of an allyl isothiocyanate and avermectin B2 microcapsule suspension against plant root‐knot nematodes (Meloidogyne incognita)

Abstract BACKGROUND Root‐knot nematodes ( Meloidogyne incognita ) are one of the main pathogens affecting agricultural production. Conventional fumigants like methyl bromide have been phased out because of environmental risks, while alternatives face challenges of soil toxicity and resistance evolution. This study aims to develop a novel microencapsulated dual‐agent system combining allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) and avermectin B 2 (AVB 2 ) for sustainable nematode control. RESULT Bioassay results showed that AITC and AVB 2 had high toxicity against M. incognita with median lethal concentration (LC 50 ) values of 21.44 and 3.06 mg L −1 , respectively. The optimal combination of AITC and AVB 2 at a ratio (LC 50 ) of 40:60 (m AITC :m AVB2 = 14:3) exhibited significant synergy against M. incognita , with a co‐toxicity coefficient of 183.67. The optimum formulation of 5% AITC–AVB 2 microcapsule suspension (CS) was obtained by orthogonal test. The efficacy of 5% AITC–AVB 2 CS against M. incognita was 82.92% in pot trials at a dosage of 50 mg kg −1 . CONCLUSION This study initiated a dual‐agent microencapsulation system that integrates plant extracts and microbial fermentation compounds for ecologically compatible nematode management. This technology addresses the limitations of fumigants through synergistic action, reduced environmental load and mitigated resistance. The results of the study provide a scalable solution for next‐generation agrochemical formulations, balancing efficacy and sustainability. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.