Probiotics have gained significant attention in recent years for their potential therapeutic benefits, particularly in gastrointestinal health. As an increasing number of infants experience gastrointestinal disorders, such as colic and functional abdominal pain, the need for safe and effective interventions has become more pressing. Probiotics are live microorganisms that confer health benefits when administered in adequate amounts. They play a key role in promoting a balanced gut microbiome, enhancing digestion and supporting immune function. Among the various probiotic strains, the Limosilactobacillus reuteri strain DSM 17938 has emerged as a promising option in infant gastrointestinal health. Research has shown that L. reuteri DSM 17938 can alleviate symptoms of colic, reduce regurgitation and support a healthy gut environment by promoting beneficial bacteria while inhibiting harmful pathogens. Its potential role as an adjunct therapy to traditional treatments, such as oral rehydration therapy and pharmacological interventions, makes it an attractive option for managing disorders of the gut–brain interaction in infants. This article reviews the current evidence on the role of probiotics in infant gut health, with a focus on L. reuteri, and discusses its potential use as a safe and effective adjunctive therapy in treating common infant gastrointestinal concerns.