A dynamically adaptive wet-adhesive Janus hydrogel patch for sutureless repair of spinal dural defects

results demonstrate that DHP outperforms commercial sealants in sealing strength, biocompatibility, and anti-adhesion performance. In a rat dural defect model, DHP restores dural continuity, prevents CSF leakage, preserves motor function, and mitigates inflammation. These findings position DHP as a promising platform for minimally invasive, sutureless repair of soft tissue barriers, with broad translational potential in biomedical applications.