Investigation of the magnetocaloric effect and critical behavior of the perovskite La0.65Ca0.35−xBaxMnO3 (x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3)

Polycrystalline samples of La[Formula: see text]Ca[Formula: see text]Ba x MnO 3 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) were prepared using a conventional solid-state reaction method. The prepared samples demonstrated good single-phase quality, characterized by a space group of Pbnm. There was a significant increase in the relative cooling power (at 5[Formula: see text]T), with values as follows: RCP[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]J[Formula: see text]⋅[Formula: see text]kg[Formula: see text], RCP[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]J[Formula: see text]⋅[Formula: see text]kg[Formula: see text], RCP[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]J[Formula: see text]⋅[Formula: see text]kg[Formula: see text], and RCP[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]J[Formula: see text]⋅[Formula: see text]kg[Formula: see text]. It is noteworthy that the sample with a doping level of x = 0.2 underwent a transition from a first-order phase transition to a second-order phase transition. The critical behavior of the x = 0.2 and 0.3 samples was analyzed using modified Arrott plots and the Kouvel–Fisher method to determine critical exponents. The results obtained from both methods were in close agreement, indicating that the critical behavior of the x = 0.2 and 0.3 samples can be described by the mean field model.