材料科学
可伸缩电子设备
导电体
导线
弹簧(装置)
螺旋弹簧
弹性体
变形(气象学)
液态金属
数码产品
电磁线圈
压力传感器
柔性电子器件
复合材料
光电子学
机械工程
电气工程
工程类
作者
Chihiro Okutani,Tomoyuki Yokota,Hiroki Miyazako
标识
DOI:10.1002/admt.202101657
摘要
Abstract The spring structure is stretchable and resilient, enabling electronic devices to be highly stretchable and durable. However, spring objects composed of only soft materials cannot be maintained without a supporting rod inside the coil owing to self‐weight deformation. Therefore, a design strategy should be investigated. In this study, self‐maintaining spring structures with soft materials are designed using physical simulations and soft spring‐type electronic devices (a stretchable conductor, strain sensor, and pressure sensor) with little hysteresis are developed. The spring‐type electronic devices consist of a core–sheath structure, which is a core channel filled with liquid metal and a 3D‐printed elastomeric sheath. The spring‐type conductor can be stretched with a small force (1.25 N) and has a negligible resistance change for up to 400% strain and ≈5.5% resistance increase at 640% strain. Moreover, the inductance induced by the coil structure monotonically decreases in the range of 200% stretching. The device also has high durability with little change in the electrical characteristics during 1000 cycles of 100% stretching. Furthermore, an inductive pressure sensor can measure <250 Pa (50 mN) by compressing the spring. Spring‐type electronic devices composed of soft materials contribute to highly durable and stretchable sensors for robotic applications.
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