The preparation of maleic anhydride grafting onto polypropylene by the reaction extruder was studied in this article.The characterization methods and the graft mechanism of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene were discussed,also the factors of grafting reaction and the methods to improve grafting rate and inhibited the degradation of polypropylene.A reference for research and production of the preparation of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene with low degradability and high compatibility was given.