With the application of geostatistics in studying the spatial distribution and analysis of variation characteristics of soil moisture, the related researches have entered a new era. Taking the geostatistics to determine the sampling number and sampling location as the starting point, the status of geostatistics-based research on the soil moisture spatial variability has been reviewed, and its shortcoming was also pointed out. On this basis, the recent progress, application prospect and difficulties of new technology and method including GIS, remote sensing, neural network technology, fractal theory and wireless sensor networks in the research of soil moisture spatial variability were briefly proposed