Objective To investigate the inhibition effect of cantharidin in hepatocellular carcilnoma cell line HepG2.Methods Immunohistochemistry(IH) and Hoechst 33528 staining methods were used to determine the proliferation inhibition by cantharidin in HepG2 cell.The apoptotic cells were observed under a fluorescence microscope to analys the effect of different doses of cantharidin on the growth of HepG2.Results Cantharidin above 1.0 mg/L inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cell(P0.01),the max apoptotic rate(47.24%) to follow the HD group(5.0mg/L).Conclusions Cantharidin has significantly effect to inhibition the proliferation in HepG2.