Investigation of vadose zone flow mechanisms in unsaturated chalk using cross-borehole ERT

Groundwater resources are vulnerable to surface-derived contaminants resulting from human activity. The vadose zone is a natural barrier between contaminant sources and groundwater stored in aquifers. The fate of contaminants currently in transit within the vadose zone (as determined by operative transport mechanisms) is of political, economic and social concern. Hence techniques are required to investigate solute transport mechanisms within the vadose zone.