High‐mobility group box 2 promoted proliferation of cervical cancer cells by activating AKT signaling pathway

Abstract Cervical cancer is one of the leading killers for female worldwide. Nevertheless, the less knowledge of molecular mechanism for cervical cancer limited the improvement of treatment effects. High‐mobility group box 2 (HMGB2) belongs to the HMGB family, which could play diverse roles in cell proliferation. This work mainly aimed to study the functions of HMGB2 on cervical cancer cells proliferation. HMGB2 was highly expressed in cervical cancer tissue. The results of real‐time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis showed that HMGB2 was expressed in all the five cervical cancer cells (HeLa, CaSki, SiHa, C‐33A, and C4‐1 cells). In addition, HMGB2 overexpression obviously improved cell viability and promoted cell cycle progression, which suggested that HMGB2 could promote proliferation of cervical cancer cells. Moreover, HMGB2 overexpression increased the level of p‐AKT and reduced the levels of p21 and p27. However, HMGB2 downregulation had contrary influences on cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution and the levels of p‐AKT, p21, and p27. Notably, LY294002, as an inhibitor of AKT signaling pathway, could significantly weaken the effects of HMGB2 overexpression, which indicated that HMGB2 might promote cell proliferation by activating AKT signaling pathway. Therefore, HMGB2 was hopeful to be a candidate as a new biomarker and therapy target for cervical cancer.