A. Competitive Bidding.............................................................................. 206

Since particle counting is still relatively new, most new systems are purchased for existing treatment plants. In such cases, the specifications can be written around the desired equipment. When the particle counting equipment is specified for a new plant, or as part of a large upgrade, it is easier for it to slip through the cracks. New plant specifications often place the particle counters in the electrical or instrumentation section. These sections will usually be bid by a subcontractor. In such cases, only an iron-clad specification will guarantee that the desired equipment is procured. Most contractors will know nothing about particle counters, and are only concerned about winning the contract with the lowest bid. They do not have to live with the wrong particle counting system for 10 or 15 years after the fact.