Pendulum impact loading tests of precast concrete columns with various column base connections

• Pendulum impact loading tests for PC columns. • A novel pendulum test facility to maintain axial compression force. • The effect of column base connection types on the impact resistance. In the present study, pendulum impact loading tests were performed to investigate the lateral impact resistance of precast concrete (PC) columns with various column base connections. To maintain axial compression force during the impact process and subsequent collapse, a set of specially designed loading facility with solid counterweights was proposed. The test parameters included three PC columns using grouted sleeve connection (PC1), lap splice in grout-filled hole connection (PC2), and bolt connection (PC3), and a cast-in-place concrete (RC) column as a counterpart specimen. The dynamic responses including the damage mode, crack development process, impact force–time history, deflection-time history, strain–time history, and acceleration-time history were investigated. Further, the energy dissipation and stress wave transmission law of the specimen were analyzed. The test results showed that semi-rigid boundary conditions of PC columns decreased the column damage, but the lateral deformation increased, indicating relatively low impact resistance. The mechanical performance of each PC connection method was also discussed.