Perineal dermatitis risk factors: clinical validation of a conceptual framework.

As part of a larger study previously published in December of 1994, the question was asked whether commonly used pressure ulcer assessment tools (the Braden and Medley) were applicable to a broader definition of "skin risk assessment" and altered skin integrity related to perineal dermatitis (PD), and, if so, which risk factors were actually related to PD. The three site randomized clinical trial compared the use of diapers and underpads for 166 adult patients hospitalized on medical and surgical floors who were incontinent of urine and/or feces. Variables related to skin breakdown were the number of incontinence episodes, fecal incontinence, poor skin condition, pain, poor oxygenation, fevers, and mobility problems. Results also suggest that older patients may not have the sensory perception to experience discomfort in the same intensity as younger patients. Based on the findings of this study, pressure ulcer risk assessment tools are not good risk assessment tools for PD. The previously published conceptual framework for PD was modified and validated to form a basis for preventive measures.