By testing the volatage balance of aluminium cells in five plants,the anode voltage drop,cathode voltage drop and bath voltage drop were compared,and the reason of over-high local voltage drop in some works ere analyzed.According to the test results,the relationship between the anode voltage drop and the current density,the non-corresponding causes between cathode voltage drop and cathode materials,and the influence factors of unit bath voltage drop were pointed out and expounded,which provided theoretical basis for reducing the working voltage of aluminium cell.