On the growth cycle of Rhodopseudomonas palustris were determined to explore the pH, temperature, inoculation and other single factor on the growth of Rhodopseudomonas palustris. Based on single -factor experiments, applied Box-nhk central composite experiments and response surface analysis,to determine the optimal palustris growth conditions: pH value was 6.89, 9.71% of inoculum, incubation temperature was 28.9℃, light intensity was 2000Lx,the growth of Rhodopseudomonas palustris situation was best.