Unveiling the Potential Neuroprotective Effect of Bioactive Compounds from Plants with Sedative and Mood-Modulating Properties: Innovative Approaches for the Prevention of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases

Neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease are severe disorders characterized by progressive neuron degeneration, leading to cognitive decline, motor dysfunction, and other neurological issues, significantly impairing daily life and the quality of life. Despite advancements in understanding these mechanisms, many aspects remain unclear, and current treatments primarily manage symptoms without halting disease progression. Multiple biological pathways are implicated in neurodegeneration, including oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and aberrant protein folding. Given the multifactorial nature of neurodegenerative diseases, a neuroprotective approach targeting various mechanisms holds significant promise for prevention. Natural products derived from plants, animals, and fungi, known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, show substantial potential in the prevention of neurodegeneration. Unlike synthetic compounds, bioactive compounds from these natural sources offer diverse targets due to their varied structures and biological activities. This review focuses on the potential of bioactive compounds from plants with sedative and mood-modulating effects in preventing and/or slowing down neurodegeneration.