Nanotubes and Nanodiamonds in 3D printing: Enhancing Mechanical and Biological Properties of Nanocomposites through Advanced Formulation Technologies

Aim: With the aim to improve the thermal and mechanical characteristics of nanocomposites for cutting-edge engineering applications, this work looks at how nanotubes and nanodiamonds can be integrated into 3D printing processes. Background: The performance of 3D-printed products has been greatly enhanced by the addition of nanomaterials like carbon nanotubes (Carbon nanotubes) as well as nanodiamonds into polymer matrices. While nanodiamonds offer remarkable hardness and thermal stability, carbon nanotubes are widely recognized for their better electrical conductivity and bending strength. Their qualities make them the best options for raising the calibre of nanocomposites that are 3D printed. Objective: This paper looks at the effects of dispersion, functionalization, and synthesis of nanotubes and nanodiamonds on the mechanical and thermal properties of nanocomposites, taking into account the environmental impact, obstacles, and applications of these materials. Method: The techniques for adding nanotubes and nanodiamonds to 3D printing formulations were the main topic of a thorough literature study. A number of important factors were examined, including stability, toughness, elasticity, and tensile strength. The influence of uniform particle spread on overall composite performance as well as developments in dispersion technologies were reviewed in the paper. Results: The study found that the incorporation of nanotubes and nanodiamonds into 3D printing processes significantly improved the mechanical and biological properties of nanocomposites. These nanomaterials improved electrical conductivity and thermal stability, making them suitable for applications in electronics, aerospace, and biomedical fields. However, challenges such as high costs, ecological impacts, and long-term stability assessments remain. Conclusion: Although there is potential for next-generation materials with the incorporation of nanotubes along with nanodiamonds in 3D-printed nanocomposites, issues such as uniform nanoparticle dispersion still need to be resolved.