A Multifunctional Nanocomplex as miRNA/Antibiotic Co‐Delivery System Based on Tetrahedral Framework DNA: Application to Infected Wound Healing

Abstract Infected wounds are a complex disease involving bacterial infections and dysregulated inflammation. However, current research has mostly focused on bacterial inhibition rather than on inflammation. Thus, combined therapeutic strategies with anti‐bacterial and anti‐inflammation efficacies are urgently needed. Antibiotics are the main treatment strategy for infections. However, the excessive use of antibiotics throughout the body can cause serious side effects. In addition, miRNA‐based therapeutics are superior for the treatment of wounds, but their rapid degradation and poor cellular uptake limit their clinical application. Tetrahedral framework DNA (tFNA) is an ideal drug delivery system owing to its excellent stability and remarkable transport ability. Herein, a novel multi‐functional miRNA and antibiotic co‐delivery system based on tFNA is presented for the first time, called B/L. B/L has heightened resistance to serum and excellent codelivery ability. After transdermal administration, B/L can specifically target TNF receptor‐associated factor 6(TRAF6) and IL‐1receptor‐associated kinase 1(IRAK1), thereby regulating nuclear factor kappa‐B (NF‐𝜿B) and thus effectively reducing inflammation and promoting the healing of infected wounds. This novel multi‐functional co‐delivery system provides a versatile, simple, biocompatible, and powerful platform for the personalized and combined treatment of multiple diseases.