Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma With Strong Expression of Interleukin-13 Receptor α2 Shows a Poor Response to Gemcitabine-Based Chemotherapy

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with strong expression of interleukin-13 receptor α2 (IL-13Rα2) was associated with poor prognosis and gemcitabine resistance in an orthotopic mouse model. We evaluated the influence of IL-13Rα2 expression in the endoscopic ultrasound-fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) specimen.We included patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, as diagnosed by EUS-FNA, who received gemcitabine-based chemotherapy (G-CTX). Tumor expression of IL-13Rα2 was assessed by immunohistochemistry and classified using a three scale (negative, weak, or strong) in a blinded fashion. The effect of G-CTX was assessed by tumor reduction rate by computed tomography after 3 months.A total of 95 patients were enrolled, and 63 and 32 cases were determined with strong and weak/negative expression of IL-13Rα2. The IL-13Rα2-strong group showed significantly poorer progression-free and overall survival rates than weak/negative group (P = 0.0191 and P = 0.0062, respectively). Strong expression of IL-13Rα2 was associated with progression factor after 3 months of the first G-CTX (odds ratio, 13.72; P = 0.0143).Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with strong expression of IL-13Rα2 in EUS-FNA specimens showed poor prognosis and poor response to G-CTX.