Supply-demand matching assessment of the public service facilities in 15-minute community life circle based on residents' behaviors

15-minute community life circle focuses on residents' daily needs and aligns with “people-oriented” planning. However, the personalized needs of residents have been ignored in literatures, resulting in the mismatch between the supply and demand of public service facilities (PSFs) as well as the unfair supply of different population groups among communities. Based on community life circle, we proposed a multi-group huff three-step floating catchment area (MGH3SFCA) model to evaluate the supply-demand matching levels of PSFs for different age groups in Nanjing, China. The results showed that the supply-demand between PSFs and different age groups was relatively mismatched in the main urban area of Nanjing, and medical care facilities were seriously inadequate to fulfill the needs of any age group. Comprehensive accessibility varied depending on the frequency of visits to PSFs for each age group. Although age groups had a similar spatial pattern of comprehensive accessibility at community and building scales, the service coverage rate of PSFs was larger at the building scale, and the assessment of supply-demand matching of PSFs at the building scale was more accurate and reliable. The findings would provide important decision-making support for the targeted allocation of PSFs in 15-minute community life circle.