Current Situation of Escherichia coli Antibiotic Resistance in Food-Producing Animals, Wild Animals, Companion Animals, and Birds: One Health Perspectives

Escherichia coli (E. coli) has shown antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to a range of antibiotics, including the last resort antibiotics, which represent a global burden. Thus, it is essential to consider the AMR from a One Health perspective due to the ability of antimicrobial resistance to be transmitted between animals and humans share the same environment. As a result, and to minimize the emergence and spread of the AMR requires coordination in the multi-sectorial effort. However, in most cases, animals and birds have been ignored by public health authorities while antimicrobial resistance is being reported. This gap poses a serious public health burden due to the close contact between food-producing animals, companion animals, or companion birds, humans, and their environment. Therefore, this chapter aims to highlight the current situation of E. coli AMR in food-producing animals, wild animals, companion animals, and birds from One Health perspective. In conclusion, the chapter shows that E. coli exerted resistance to a range of antibiosis, including the last resort of antibiotics in livestock and birds worldwide which calls for joint efforts under one health umbrella to address the challenge of E. coli AMR in animals and birds.