Human milk oligosaccharides mitigate infant diarrhea and anxiety-like behaviors via gut microbiota modulation in an EPEC O127 infection model

and other harmful taxa. These findings suggest that HMOs can effectively relieve EPEC-induced infant diarrhea by modulating the composition and metabolic function of the gut microbiota. Overall, this study highlights the potential of HMOs as a dietary intervention for alleviating infant diarrhea and provides new insights into their application in infant health.