One-Step Strategy to Maximize Single-Atom Catalyst Utilization in Nitrate Reduction via Bidirectional Optimization of Mass Transfer and Electron Supply

demonstrated strong resistance to interference and excellent stability in complex water systems. A simple modification method enhanced the utilization efficiency of single atoms in single-atom catalysts, significantly improving the catalytic activity of the material. Moreover, this straightforward synthesis strategy holds promise for the large-scale production of single-atom catalysts, paving the way for practical engineering applications.