Edible oil-based switchable-hydrophilicity solvent liquid–liquid microextraction prior to smartphone digital image colorimetry for the determination of total curcuminoids in food samples

EO-SHS-LLME is proposed for the determination of total curcuminoids in food samples. EOs were proposed as green, renewable and biodegradable switchable-hydrophilicity solvents. SDIC was used as a novel detection technique without further treatment.