Design of Hydrological Information Monitoring System Based on Single-Chip Microcomputer

China is rich in water resources, but water pollution has intensified under industrialization. Traditional manual hydrological monitoring is inefficient and error-prone. This paper designs an intelligent monitoring system based on STM32 single-chip microcomputer, which uses turbidity, pH, and temperature sensors to monitor water quality in real time. Data is transmitted remotely via a GSM module to achieve intelligent management, reducing costs and improving efficiency. This system provides a reliable solution for water resource protection and holds significant social and practical value.