Ligand Engineering Enhances the Phosphatase Property of Zr‐MOF Nanocrystals as Regulators to Alleviate Plants Phosphorus Deficiency Stress

. Theoretical calculations and in situ characterization revealed the mechanism by which ligand engineering enhances substrate adsorption and atomic orbital interactions in Zr-MOF NCs. The catalytic ability of Zr(F)-MOF NCs toward phosphorus-containing organic substrates in soil effectively mitigated Pi-deficiency stress, improving root development, leaf phenotype and photosynthetic performance. The root growth and biomass of phosphorus-deficient Arabidopsis and mung bean were restored to > 70% and > 79% of normal levels, respectively. Metabolomics analysis further revealed the nanozyme-mediated stress-resistance pathways, including organic acid secretion, antioxidant release, and sugar phosphate synthesis related to defense and signal transduction. Overall, this work provides a systematic nanotechnology-based methodology for addressing Pi stress in plants.