Spontaneous osteonecrosis of the maxilla

In the past decade there has been a rise of osteonecrosis of the jaws (ONJ) predominately related to bisphosphonate therapy and osteoradionecrosis secondary to radiotherapy. However, osteonecrosis can occur in the absence of these agents. A case of idiopathic osteonecrosis of the maxilla is reported and the literature discussed. Clinical relevance: It is not always possible to make a definitive diagnosis.