Lactic Acid Bacteria Bacteriocin, an Antimicrobial Peptide Effective Against Multidrug Resistance: a Comprehensive Review

Antibiotic overuse has resulted in the emergence of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms. A growing number of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms are posing a hazard to public health today. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are causing an increasing number of infections such as pneumonia, tuberculosis, blood poisoning, gonorrhoea, and foodborne disorders, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Bacteriocin is an antibacterial peptide that has the potential to replace antibiotics. Lactic acid bacteria are among the producers of bacteriocins, which have been used as food preservatives for decades and have been found to be efficient in inhibiting the growth of resistant bacteria in recent research. The lack of data on the safety and toxicity of lactic acid bacteria bacteriocin, on the other hand, is a significant barrier to their widespread usage in the food and pharmaceutical industries. The review focuses on antimicrobial peptides' efficacy in countering multidrug resistance, the synergistic effect of commercial antibiotics and bacteriocin, as well as their toxicity and applicability in the health sector.