材料科学
聚合物
气凝胶
瓶颈
硅
热导率
纳米技术
复合材料
化学工程
计算机科学
工程类
冶金
嵌入式系统
作者
Wang Zhan,Le Chen,Qinghong Kong,Lixia Li,Mingyi Chen,Juncheng Jiang,Weixi Li,Fan Shi,Xu Zhang
出处
期刊:Molecules
[MDPI AG]
日期:2023-07-20
卷期号:28 (14): 5534-5534
被引量:3
标识
DOI:10.3390/molecules28145534
摘要
Silica aerogels are considered as the distinguished materials of the future due to their extremely low thermal conductivity, low density, and high surface area. They are widely used in construction engineering, aeronautical domains, environmental protection, heat storage, etc. However, their fragile mechanical properties are the bottleneck restricting the engineering application of silica aerogels. This review briefly introduces the synthesis of silica aerogels, including the processes of sol-gel chemistry, aging, and drying. The effects of different silicon sources on the mechanical properties of silica aerogels are summarized. Moreover, the reaction mechanism of the three stages is also described. Then, five types of polymers that are commonly used to enhance the mechanical properties of silica aerogels are listed, and the current research progress is introduced. Finally, the outlook and prospects of the silica aerogels are proposed, and this paper further summarizes the methods of different polymers to enhance silica aerogels.
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