A High Speed Post-Quantum Crypto-Processor for Crystals-Dilithium

Crystals-Dilithium is a post-quantum cryptography digital signature scheme with quantum attack resistance. In this brief, a high speed processor towards Dilithium is represented. An architecture based on multiple instruction parallel execution is proposed to reduce operation cycles. The pseudo random number extension generator is designed with byte absorption precision to adapt to practical application scenarios. In addition, a three-stage pipelined modular multiplier is optimized based on Karatsuba algorithm, increasing the maximum operating frequency of the system. On the Zynq UltraScale+ FPGA, our processor is implemented consuming 32035 LUTs and 9707 FFs at 300MHz. Compared with the related works, it has the highest operating frequency and the shortest execution time.