Application and progress of functionalized magnetic bead-based biosensors for protein detection

In the field of bioanalysis, the integration of magnetic beads and biosensors provides a protein detection platform with high separation efficiency and sensitivity. The superparamagnetism of magnetic beads, combined with surface functional modifications, forms the basis for selectively capturing and effectively separating target proteins. Additionally, the high sensitivity and specificity of biosensors ensure precise quantitative analysis of captured proteins. This article systematically reviews the synthesis strategies of functionalized magnetic beads, detection methods for proteins and nucleic acids, as well as the current technical challenges and future development directions.