Hydrazides as Powerful Tools in Medicinal Chemistry: Synthesis, Reactivity, and Biological Applications

The increase in drug resistance and the high toxicity of current drugs have inspired the scientific community to develop new drugs for various diseases. Hydrazides have become an attractive functional group to easily obtain a plethora of novel compounds with a broad range of biological activities. This review, which contains studies in the literature from the previous five years, focuses on the synthesis methods and biological applications of hydrazides and their derivatives. Here, the details of the experimental reaction conditions used for the synthesis of hydrazides and their derivatives (hydrazide–hydrazones and heterocycle derivatives) are presented, as well as the purification methods and the biological activity of the synthesized compounds.