A combined theoretical and experimental investigation on the solvatochromism of fused chromene-furanopyran: Determination of dipole moments, DFT/TD-DFT, chemical reactivity and Fukui Function

This work focuses on the steady-state optical absorption and fluorescence spectra of three amino aryl-4H-furo[3,2-c]pyran -4H-chromene-3-carbonitrile derivatives. The ground state (µg) and excited state (µe) dipole moments were determined by the solvatochromic shift method using Kawski-Bilot and Ravi et al. equations. The excited-state dipole moment was found to be larger than that of the ground-state. The measured ground and excited state dipole moments as well as the different photophysical parameters do adequately reflect the results obtained from the computational methods. Frontier Molecular Orbitals (FMOs) analysis, the Fukui indices, COSMO-RS exploration, and Hirschfield population analysis were investigated. In order to gain a deeper understanding of the source of reactivity in the three molecules, the COnductor-like Screening MOdel for Real Solvents (COSMO-RS) was used. It is important to note that the COSMO-RS analysis of three chromenes is in complete agreement with the Hirschfield population analysis.