Physiotherapy management of hip osteoarthritis

Hip osteoarthritis is a chronic disease affecting the joint and surrounding musculature resulting in structural and functional failure of the joint and causing pain, disability, and reduced quality of life. This narrative review outlines the prevalence and burden of hip osteoarthritis followed by its natural history and risk factors. Considerations for diagnosis and assessment are then covered. An overview of the principles of hip osteoarthritis management is presented together with specific physiotherapy interventions and evidence for their effectiveness. It is important to note, however, that the bulk of research regarding conservative management relates to osteoarthritis at the knee or mixed osteoarthritis populations rather than hip osteoarthritis specifically, and that results cannot necessarily be generalised from the knee to the hip given differences in biomechanics, presentation, and risk factors. There is also a paucity of research in many areas. The recommendations of clinical guidelines are therefore emphasised. The review concludes with potential directions for research to advance the field.