Bifidobacterium breve M‐16V alters the gut microbiota to alleviate OVA‐induced food allergy through IL‐33/ST2 signal pathway

Abstract There has been a marked increase in life‐threatening food allergy (FA). One hypothesis is that changes in bacterial communities may be key to FA. To better understand how gut microbiota regulates FA in humans, we established a mouse model with FA induced by ovalbumin. We found that the mice with FA had abnormal bacterial composition, accompanied by increased immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin E, and interleukin‐4/interferon‐γ, and there existed a certain coherence between them. Interestingly, Bifidobacterium breve M‐16V may alter the gut microbiota to alleviate the allergy symptoms by IL‐33/ST2 signaling. Our results indicate that gut microbiota is essential for regulating FA to dietary antigens and demonstrate that intervention in bacterial community regulation may be therapeutically related to FA.